Dental prosthesis replacing tooth structure
The dental prosthesis replacing tooth structures lost or damaged by returning to the mouth all the functionality, durability and brightness of the original parts.
There are many alternative materials and designs aimed at giving the best solution for functional and aesthetic needs of each patient.
There are two main groups within the dental prosthesis:
1. Removable prosthesis
Within the removable prosthesis are 2 types
- Skeletal prosthesis or removable metal top and bottom (the body of the prosthesis is made up of metal). This type of prosthesis is used in cases of partially edentulous patients. dentomucosoportadas are partial dentures. That is, they hold both the teeth and mucosa, and are performed when the patient still retains some of your natural teeth. These prostheses are removable, or whatever it is, can be extracted and placed by the patient.
They are made by casting a metal structure (which may be of different alloys, both noble and non-nobles) from a wax pattern made by hand, and the use of preforms on the model of investment. The teeth and gums are reconstructions of acrylic resin.
The parts that comprise these prostheses are:
- Connector greater or armor or metal
- Connectors lower
- Retainers
- Bases
- Supports occlusal
- Elements stabilizers and indirect retainers
- The resin dentures, gather those that are made with acrylic resin (or plastic), and can be placed and removed by the patient. The development of these dentures have to address both functional and aesthetic criteria, and we invite the patient to carry out hygiene care of both the oral cavity and the prosthesis must be removed for cleaning.
In turn, these prostheses are divided into two types.
- Maxillary complete denture (‘false teeth’).
People commonly known as dentures. Performed when the patient has no teeth, and is thus lacking tissue borne pillars for support. The support of the prosthesis is taken from a wide base that extend over the surface of the mucosa in the alveolar process. Can be unimaxilares or bimaxillary, ie top, bottom, or both, if the patient has no teeth in either arch. In this type of prosthesis, it is necessary to achieve a joint occlusal balance top and bottom, taking into account the jaw movements, chewing, denture stability, etc.
- Lower partial denture resin.
Performed when the patient has a tooth remnant, which will contribute to the retention of the prosthesis using forged or cast clasps, making it dentomucosoportada. Prostheses are not widely used because the metal partial dentures offer higher quality and better functionality. Often used simply as a provisional prosthesis.